Tsùn-thâu – 圳頭

Tsùn-thâu – 圳頭
River water inlet

A gate element that can control the amount of irrigation water intake. In typhoon season, the gate can be closed to protect crops from flooding.

  • Project: Ksôkong Tsùn Irrigation System, Taiwan
  • Climate: Tropical savanna climate with dry-winter characteristics
  • Year: 1839
  • Water type: river water
  • Landscape type: river plain
  • Altitude: 0-20 m.a.s.l. (meters above sea level)
  • Soil condition: alluvial soil
  • Materials: brick, wood, metal
  • Period: permanent
  • Form: point
  • Use or Function: control

Thê – 堤

Thê – 堤
Dam

A linear obstacle built perpendicular to a river to guild and direct water to the river water inlet for irrigation ditch.

  • Project: Ksôkong Tsùn Irrigation System, Taiwan
  • Climate: Tropical savanna climate with dry-winter characteristics
  • Year: 1839
  • Water type: river water
  • Landscape type: river plain
  • Altitude: 0-20 m.a.s.l. (meters above sea level)
  • Soil condition: alluvial soil
  • Materials: bamboo, excavated earth
  • Period: proximity from every October until next July (re-built every October during the dry season and got flooded away during typhoon season.)
  • Form: Point
  • Use or Function: Direction

Curugan

Curugan
Gutter

The houses in Kampung Naga are built on a raised platform in a linear arrangement. This level difference forms a gutter that is bounded by river stones, creating storm -water drainage channels.

  • Project:: Kampung Naga
  • Climate: Tropical – Mild temperate humid
  • Year: Current
  • Water Type: Fresh water
  • Landscape: Plain
  • Altitude: 584 m.a.s.l
  • Soil Condition: Inceptisols & Entisols
  • Material: Fluvial rocks
  • Temporality: Fixed
  • Form: Line Use or
  • Function : Stormwater drainage

Air Nyusu

Air Nyusu
Spring water

A system to extract the spring water by creating a hole against the hill wall and channeling the water with pipes to the platform underneath. The spring water is a result of water infiltration through the pristine ‘forbidden’ forest and filtered by its roots. The people of Kampung Naga use it as a source for drinking water.

  • Project: Kampung Naga
  • Climate: Tropical – Mild temperate humid
  • Year: Current
  • Water Type: Freshwater
  • Landscape: Valley
  • Altitude: 584 m.a.s.l
  • Soil Condition: Inceptisols & Entisols
  • Material: Stones, Concrete, Pipes
  • Period: Fixed
  • Form: Point
  • Use or Function: Potable water source

Balong

Balong
  • Project: Kampung Naga
  • Climate: Tropical – Mild temperate humid
  • Year: Current
  • Water Type: Fresh water
  • Landscape: Plain
  • Altitude: 584 m.a.s.l
  • Soil Condition: Inceptisols & Entisols
  • Material: Fluvial rocks & Concrete
  • Period: Fixed
  • Form: Surface
  • Use or Function : Fish farming, natural water purification

Ereng

Ereng
Rock dam and channel

The waterways flow the river water into the main irrigation channel leading to Kampung Naga. It utilizes piles of alluvial rocks that can be adjusted according to the seasonal change of the river water discharge. The people in Kampung Naga maintain this system manually as part of community activities to maintain social bonds.

  • Project: Kampung Naga
  • Climate: Tropical – Mild temperate humid
  • Year: Current
  • Water Type: Fresh water
  • Landscape: River
  • Altitude: 584 m.a.s.l
  • Soil Condition: Alluvial Soil
  • Material: Fluvial rocks & River boulders
  • Period: Regulated based on seasons
  • Form: Line
  • Use or Function : Regulate water discharge from the river

Sawah

Sawah
Terraced rice fields

Successively receding platforms, which were a result from cutting a piece of sloped plane to resemble steps, bordered by a small embankment to grow rice crops which need a flooded area to be grown. Bamboo pipes connect the field parcels and distribute the water.

  • Project: Kampung Naga
  • Climate: Tropical – Mild temperate humid
  • Year: Current
  • Water Type: Freshwater
  • Landscape: Terraced valley
  • Altitude: 584 m.a.s.l
  • Soil Condition: Inceptisols & EntisolsMaterial: paddy soils
  • Period: Fixed
  • Form: Surface
  • Use or Function: Agriculture